Extreme Learning Machine Based Prognostics of Battery Life

This paper presents a prognostic scheme for estimating the remaining useful life of Lithium-ion batteries. The proposed scheme utilizes a prediction module that aims to obtain precise predictions for both short and long prediction horizons. The prediction module makes use of extreme learning machines for one-step and multi-step ahead predictions, using various prediction strategies, including iterative, direct and DirRec, which use the constant-current experimental capacity data for the estimation of the remaining useful life. The data-driven prognostic approach is highly dependent on the availability of high quantity of quality observations. Insufficient amount of available data can result in unsatisfactory prognostics. In this paper, the prognostics scheme is utilized to estimate the remaining useful life of a battery, with insufficient direct data available, but taking advantage of observations available from a fleet of similar batteries with similar working conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed prognostic scheme provides a fast and efficient estimation of the remaining useful life of the batteries and achieves superior results when compared with various state-of-the-art prediction techniques

Multi-step parallel-strategy for estimating the remaining useful life of batteries

This paper aims to study the use of a multistep parallel-strategy (MSPS) for long-term estimation of the remaining useful life of the Li-ion batteries. Various extreme learning machines (ELMs) including standard ELM, kernel ELMs and online sequential ELM (OS-ELM) are used along with the parallel strategy for multi-step prognosis. These multistep predictors are trained by means of constant current Li-ion battery datasets. The attained results present the effectiveness of these MSPS techniques in the long-term prediction of the remaining useful life of the Li-ion batteries. Besides, the OS-ELM predictor outperforms other techniques in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) and the RUL estimation error

Multi-step-ahead prediction techniques for Lithium-ion batteries condition prognosis

This paper focuses on the use of different multi-step prediction techniques for long-term prognosis of the Lithium-ion batteries condition. Various inductive algorithms including adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems, random forests, and group method of data handling are used along with three strategies for multi-step prediction and prognosis. These prediction strategies including iterative, direct, and DirRec schemes make use of the historical and current data in different manners to forecast the future values of the capacity over a long horizon for estimation of the remaining useful life (RUL) of the Li-ion batteries. These multi-step predictors are trained by means of constant current Li-ion battery datasets. The attained results present the effectiveness of these techniques for the long-term prognosis of the RUL of the batteries. Besides, a statistical analysis of the attained results indicates that the RF predictor outperforms other techniques

An integrated imputation-prediction scheme for prognostics of battery data with missing observations

This paper focuses on the development of a prognostic scheme for estimating the remaining useful life (RUL) of Lithium-ion batteries with missing observations. The scheme has two main modules based on extreme learning machines: pre-processing and prediction. The pre-processing module uses novel single and multiple imputation techniques to estimate the missing observations. The prediction module aims to obtain precise predictions even in the presence of missing observations and with the related uncertainty. The pre-processing module sends imputed subsets of samples to the prediction module, which makes use of extreme learning machines for one-step and multi-steps predictions. The prediction module contains various multi-steps prediction strategies including iterative, direct and DirRec, which use the constant-current experimental capacity data for the long-term prediction of the remaining useful life. Accurate prediction of RUL requires continuity in the time-series dataset. The proposed scheme is designed to build an intelligent prediction system with the ability to handle time-series data containing missing values and is robust enough to generate a complete time-series dataset and, then, make short or long term predictions. The experimental results confirm that the proposed framework can be beneficial for intelligent diagnostic and prognostic systems related to battery as well as other wide range of applications. The main focus of the paper is the development of an integrated imputation-prediction scheme and not the evaluation of individual performances of the imputation or prediction techniques

An integrated framework for diagnosing process faults with incomplete features

Handling missing values and large-dimensional features are crucial requirements for data-driven fault diagnosis systems. However, most intelligent data-driven diagnostic systems are not able to handle missing data. The presence of high-dimensional feature sets can also further complicate the process of fault diagnosis. This paper aims to devise a missing data imputation unit along with a dimensionality reduction unit in the pre-processing module of the diagnostic system. This paper proposes a novel pooling strategy for missing data imputation (PSMI). This strategy can simplify complex patterns of missingness and incrementally update the pool. The pre-processing module receives incomplete observations, PSMI estimates missing values, and, then, the dimensionality reduction unit transforms completed observations onto a lower-dimensional feature space. These transformed observations are then fed as inputs to the fault classification module for decision making and diagnosis. This diagnostic scheme makes use of various state-of-the-art missing data imputation, dimensionality reduction and classification algorithms. This enables a comprehensive comparison and allows to find the best techniques for the sake of diagnosing faults in the Tennessee Eastman process. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed pooling strategy and indicate that principal component analysis imputation and heteroscedastic discriminant analysis approaches outperform other imputation and dimensionality reduction techniques in this diagnostic application

Multi-class heteroscedastic linear dimensionality reduction scheme for diagnosing process faults

Dimensionality reduction is an important factor in fault diagnosis, when dealing with a high-dimensional feature space, since it decreases the computational burden and the model complexity. This paper focuses on the development and comparison of several state-of-the-art linear dimensionality reduction techniques to provide discriminant features for the process fault diagnosis. These techniques, including heteroscedastic discriminant analysis, Fisher\u27s discriminant analysis, Chernoff discriminant analysis and principal component analysis, can handle multi-class feature sets. The attained results show that the heteroscedastic variant outperforms other techniques both in terms of performance measures and speed

Data-driven prognostic techniques for estimation of the remaining useful life of lithium-ion batteries

This paper aims to study the use of various data-driven techniques for estimating the remaining useful life (RUL) of the Li-ion batteries. These data-driven techniques include neural networks, group method of data handling, neuro-fuzzy networks, and random forests as an ensemble-based system. These prognostic techniques make use of the past and current data to predict the upcoming values of the capacity to estimate the remaining useful life of the battery. This work presents a comparative study of these data-driven prognostic techniques on constant load experimental data collected from Li-ion batteries. Experimental results show that these data-driven prognostic techniques can effectively estimate the remaining useful life of the Li-ion batteries. However, the random forests and neuro-fuzzy techniques outperform other competitors in terms of the RUL prediction error and root mean square error (RMSE), respectively

Correlation Clustering Imputation for Diagnosing Attacks and Faults with Missing Power Grid Data

While the quality of the synchronized measurements is of paramount importance for real-time monitoring and protection of the power grids, collected measurements often contain missing values. This paper proposes a scheme for diagnosing attacks and faults in the presence of missing measurements in power grid data. The proposed scheme contains four modules for clustering, missing data imputation, decision-making, and optimization. This paper develops a novel technique for missing data imputation based on the correlation-connected clusters that consider local correlation among the measurements in estimating missing data, handle high-dimensional data, and tolerate high missing ratios. The optimization module ties the imputation process to diagnostic performance. The proposed novel imputation technique is compared with other state-of-the-art techniques within the diagnostic scheme. The achieved results show that the proposed technique significantly outperforms other competitors

Extreme Learning Machine Based Prognostics of Battery Life

This paper presents a prognostic scheme for estimating the remaining useful life of Lithium-ion batteries. The proposed scheme utilizes a prediction module that aims to obtain precise predictions for both short and long prediction horizons. The prediction module makes use of extreme learning machines for one-step and multi-step ahead predictions, using various prediction strategies, including iterative, direct and DirRec, which use the constant-current experimental capacity data for the estimation of the remaining useful life. The data-driven prognostic approach is highly dependent on the availability of high quantity of quality observations. Insufficient amount of available data can result in unsatisfactory prognostics. In this paper, the prognostics scheme is utilized to estimate the remaining useful life of a battery, with insufficient direct data available, but taking advantage of observations available from a fleet of similar batteries with similar working conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed prognostic scheme provides a fast and efficient estimation of the remaining useful life of the batteries and achieves superior results when compared with various state-of-the-art prediction techniques